Section 17Central Act

Section 17: "Salary", "perquisite" and "profits in lieu of salary" defined

The Income-tax Act, 1961

"Salary", "perquisite" and "profits in lieu of salary" defined.

- For the purposes of sections 15 and 16 and of this section,-

(1)

"Salary" includes -

(i)

wages;

(ii)

any annuity or pension;

(iii)

any gratuity;

(iv)

any fees, commissions, perquisites or profits in lieu of or in addition to any salary or wages;

(v)

any advance of salary;

(va)

[ any payment received by an employee in respect of any period of leave not availed of by him; [ Inserted by Act 67 of 1984, Section 7 (w.r.e.f. 1.4.1978).]

(vi)

the annual accretion to the balance at the credit of an employee participating in a recognised provident fund, to the extent to which it is chargeable to tax under rule 6 of Part A of the Fourth Schedule; and

(vii)

the aggregate of all sums that are comprised in the transferred balance as referred to in sub-rule (2) of rule 11 of Part A of the Fourth Schedule of an employee participating in a recognised provident fund, to the extent to which it is chargeable to tax under sub-rule (4) thereof;]

(viii)

[ the contribution made by the ] [ Inserted by Act 23 of 2004, Section 7 (w.e.f. 1.4.2004).][Central Government] [ Substituted by Act 22 of 2007, Section 11, for " Central Government" (w.r.e.f. 1.4.2004).][or any other employer in the previous year, to the account of an employee under a pension scheme referred to in section 80-CCD;] [ Inserted by Act 23 of 2004, Section 7 (w.e.f. 1.4.2004).]

(2)

"perquisite" includes-

(i)

the value of rent-free accommodation provided to the assessee by his employer;

(ii)

the value of any concession in the matter of rent respecting any accommodation provided to the assessee by his employer.

[Explanation 1. - For the purposes of this sub-clause, concession in the matter of rent shall be deemed to have been provided if,-

(a)

[ in a case where an unfurnished accommodation is provided by any employer other than the Central Government or any State Government and-

(i)the accommodation is owned by the employer, the value of the accommodation determined at the specified rate in respect of the period during which the said accommodation was occupied by the assessee during the previous year, exceeds the rent recoverable from, or payable by, the assessee;

(ii)the accommodation is taken on lease or rent by the employer, the value of the accommodation being the actual amount of lease rental paid or payable by the employer or fifteen per cent of salary, whichever is lower, in respect of the period during which the said accommodation was occupied by the assessee during the previous year, exceeds the rent recoverable from, or payable by, the assessee; ]

(b)

[ in a case where a furnished accommodation is provided by the Central Government or any State Government, the license fee determined by the Central Government or any State Government in respect of the accommodation in accordance with the rules framed by such Government as increased by the value of furniture and fixtures in respect of the period during which the said accommodation was occupied by the assessee during the previous year, exceeds the aggregate of the rent recoverable from, or payable by, the assessee and any charges paid or payable for the furniture and fixtures by the assessee; [Inserted by Act 22 of 2007, Section 11 (w.r.e.f. 1.4.2002).]

(c)

in a case where a furnished accommodation is provided by an employer other than the Central Government or any State Government, and-

(i)the accommodation is owned by the employer, the value of the accommodation determined under sub-clause (i) of clause (a) as increased by the value of the furniture and fixtures in respect of the period during which the said accommodation was occupied by the assessee during the previous year, exceeds the rent recoverable from, or payable by, the assessee;

(ii)the accommodation is taken on lease or rent by the employer, the value of the accommodation determined under sub-clause (ii) of clause (a) as increased by the value of the furniture and fixtures in respect of the period during which the said accommodation was occupied by the assessee during the previous year, exceeds the rent recoverable from, or payable by, the assessee;

(d)

in a case where the accommodation is provided by the employer in a hotel (except where the assessee is provided such accommodation for a period not exceeding in aggregate fifteen days on his transfer from one place to another), the value of the accommodation determined at the rate of twenty-four per cent of salary paid or payable for the previous year or the actual charges paid or payable to such hotel, whichever is lower, for the period during which such accommodation is provided, exceeds the rent recoverable from, or payable by, the assessee.

Explanation 2. - For the purposes of this sub-clause, value of furniture and fixture shall be ten per cent per annum of the cost of furniture (including television sets, radio sets, refrigerators, other household appliances, air-conditioning plant or equipment or other similar appliances or gadgets) or if such furniture is hired from a third party, the actual hire charges payable for the same as reduced by any charges paid or payable for the same by the assessee during the previous year.Explanation 3. -For the purposes of this sub-clause, "salary" includes the pay, allowances, bonus or commission payable monthly or otherwise or any monetary payment, by whatever name called, from one or more employers, as the case may be, but does not include the following, namely:-

(a)dearness allowance or dearness pay unless it enters into the computation of superannuation or retirement benefits of the employee concerned;

(b)employer's contribution to the provident fund account of the employee;

(c)allowances which are exempted from the payment of tax;

(d)value of the perquisites specified in this clause;

(e)

any payment or expenditure specifically excluded under the proviso to this clause.]

[Explanation 4. -For the purposes of this sub-clause, "specified rate" shall be-

(i)fifteen per cent of salary in cities having population exceeding twenty-five lakhs as per 2001 census;

(ii)ten per cent of salary in cities having population exceeding ten lakhs but not exceeding twenty-five lakhs as per 2001 census; and

(iii)

seven and one-half per cent of salary in any other place;]

(iii)the value of any benefit or amenity granted or provided free of cost or at concessional rate in any of the following cases:-

(a)by a company to an employee who is a director thereof;

(b)by a company to an employee being a person who has a substantial interest in the company;

(c)by any employer (including a company) to an employee to whom the provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this sub-clause do not apply and whose income [under the head "Salaries" (whether due from, or paid or allowed by, one or more employers), exclusive of the value of all benefits or amenities not provided for by way of monetary payment, exceeds [fifty thousand rupees] [ Substituted by Act 32 of 1985, Section 6, for certain words (w.e.f. 1.4.1986).]:

[* * *] [ Proviso omitted by Act 22 of 2007, Section 11 (w.e.f. 1.4.2008).][Explanation. - For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that the use of any vehicle provided by a company or an employer for journey by the assessee from his residence to his office or other place of work, or from such office or place to his residence, shall not be regarded as a benefit or amenity granted or provided to him free of cost or at concessional rate for the purposes of this sub-clause;] [ Inserted by Act 13 of 1989, Section 6 (w.e.f. 1.4.1990).]

(iiia)

[* * *] [ Clause (iiia) omitted by Act 10 of 2000, Section 10 (w.e.f. 1.4.2001).]

(iv)

any sum paid by the employer in respect of any obligation which, but for such payment, would have been payable by the assessee;

(v)

any sum payable by the employer, whether directly or through a fund, other than a recognised provident fund or an approved superannuation fund [or a Deposit-linked Insurance Fund established under section 3-G of the Coal Mines Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1948 (

46 of 1948

), or, as the case may be, section 6-C of the Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 (

19 of 1952

),] [ Inserted by Act 99 of 1976, Section 40 (w.e.f. 1.8.1976).] to effect an assurance on the life of the assessee or to effect a contract for an [annuity;] [ Substituted by Act 33 of 2009, Section 9, for " annuity and" (w.e.f. 1.4.2010).]

(vi)

[ the value of any specified security or sweat equity shares allotted or transferred, directly or indirectly, by the employer, or former employer, free of cost or at concessional rate to the assessee. [ Substituted by Act 33 of 2009, Section 9, for Clause (vi) (w.e.f. 1.4.2010).]

Explanation. - For the purposes of this sub-clause,-

(a)"specified security" means the securities as defined in clause (h) of section 2 of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (

42 of 1956

) and, where employees' stock option has been granted under any plan or scheme therefor, includes the securities offered under such plan or scheme;

(b)"sweat equity shares" means equity shares issued by a company to its employees or directors at a discount or for consideration other than cash for providing know-how or making available rights in the nature of intellectual property rights or value additions, by whatever name called;

(c)the value of any specified security or sweat equity shares shall be the fair market value of the specified security or sweat equity shares, as the case may be, on the date on which the option is exercised by the assessee as reduced by the amount actually paid by, or recovered from, the assessee in respect of such security or shares;

(d)"fair market value" means the value determined in accordance with the method as may be prescribed;

(e)"option" means a right but not an obligation granted to an employee to apply for the specified security or sweat equity shares at a predetermined price;

(vii)the amount of any contribution to an approved superannuation fund by the employer in respect of the assessee, to the extent it exceeds one lakh rupees; and

(viii)the value of any other fringe benefit or amenity as may be prescribed:]

Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to,-

(i)the value of any medical treatment provided to an employee or any member of his family in any hospital maintained by the employer;

(ii)[ any sum paid by the employer in respect of any expenditure actually incurred by the employee on his medical treatment or treatment of any member of his family- [ Substituted by Act 32 of 1994, Section 10, for Clause (ii) (w.r.e.f. 1.4.1993).]

(a)in any hospital maintained by the Government or any local authority or any other hospital approved by the Government for the purposes of medical treatment of its employees;

(b)in respect of the prescribed diseases or ailments, in any hospital approved by the Chief Commissioner having regard to the prescribed guidelines:

(c)in respect of any illness relating to COVID-19 subject to such conditions as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf:

Provided that, in a case falling in sub-clause (b), the employee shall attach with his return of income a certificate from the hospital specifying the disease or ailment for which medical treatment was required and the receipt for the amount paid to the hospital; ]

(iii)any portion of the premium paid by an employer in relation to an employee, to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the health of such employee under any scheme approved by the Central Government [or the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority established under sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999 (

41 of 1999

),] [ Inserted by Act 21 of 2006, Section 8 (w.e.f. 1.4.2007).] for the purposes of clause (ib) of sub-section (1) of section 36;

(iv)any sum paid by the employer in respect of any premium paid by the employee to effect or to keep in force an insurance on his health or the health of any member of his family under any scheme approved by the Central Government [or the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority established under sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999 (

41 of 1999

),] [Inserted by Act 21 of 2006, Section 8 (w.e.f. 1.4.2007).] for the purposes of section 80-D.

(v)[ ***] [Omitted by Finance Act, 2018 (Act No. 13 of 2018), dated 29.3.2018.]

(vi)any expenditure incurred by the employer on-

(1)medical treatment of the employee, or any member of the family of such employee, outside India;

(2)travel and stay abroad of the employee or any member of the family of such employee for medical treatment;

(3)

[travel and stay] [ Substituted by Act 38 of 1993, Section 8, for certain words (w.e.f. 1.4.1993).] abroad of one attendant who accompanies the patient in connection with such treatment,[subject to the condition that-

(A)

the expenditure on medical treatment and stay abroad shall be excluded from perquisite only to the extent permitted by the Reserve Bank of India; and

(B)

the expenditure on travel shall be excluded from perquisite only in the case of an employee whose gross total income, as computed before including therein the said expenditure, does not exceed two lakh rupees;]

(vii)any sum paid by the employer in respect of any expenditure actually incurred by the employee for any of the purposes specified in clause (vi) subject to the conditions specified in or under that clause:

[Provided further that for the assessment year beginning on the 1st day of April, 2002, nothing contained in this clause shall apply to any employee whose income under the head "Salaries" (whether due from, or paid or allowed by, one or more employers) exclusive of the value of all perquisites not provided for by way of monetary payment, does not exceed one lakh rupees.] [ Inserted by Act 20 of 2002, Section 11 (w.e.f. 1.4.2002).]Explanation. - For the purposes of clause (2),-

(i)

"hospital" includes a dispensary or a clinic or a nursing home;

(ii)

"family", in relation to an individual, shall have the same meaning as in clause (5) of section 10; and

(iii)

"gross total income" shall have the same meaning as in clause (5) of section 80-B;

[* * *] [ Sub-Clause (iv) and (v) omitted by Act 32 of 1985, Section 6 (w.e.f. 1.4.1985).]

(3)"profits in lieu of salary" includes-

(i)the amount of any compensation due to or received by an assessee from his employer or former employer at or in connection with the termination of his employment or the modification of the terms and conditions relating thereto;

(ii)any payment (other than any payment referred to in clause (10), [clause (10-A)] [ Inserted by Act 15 of 1965, Section 4 (w.r.e.f. 1.4.1962).], [clause (10-B)] [ Inserted by Act 25 of 1975, Section 24 (w.e.f. 1.4.1976).], clause (11), [clause (12)] [Substituted by Act 31 of 1964, Section 4, for " or clause 12" (w.e.f. 6.10.1964).], [clause (13)] [ Inserted by Act 22 of 1995, Section 6 (w.e.f. 1.4.1996).] [or clause (13-A)] [Substituted by Act 31 of 1964, Section 4, for " or clause 12" (w.e.f. 6.10.1964).] of section 10), due to or received by an assessee from an employer or a former employer or from a provident or other fund, [* * *] [ Certain words omitted by Act 22 of 1995, Section 6 (w.e.f. 1.4.1996).] to the extent to which it does not consist of contributions by the assessee or [interest on such contributions or any sum received under a Keyman insurance policy including the sum allocated by way of bonus on such policy. [ Substituted by Act 33 of 1996, Section 8, for certain words (w.e.f. 1.10.1996).]

Explanation. - For the purposes of this sub-clause, the expression "Keyman insurance policy" shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (10-D) of section 10;] [Substituted by Act 38 of 1993, Section 8, for certain words (w.e.f. 1.4.1993).]

(iii)[ any amount due to or received, whether in lump sum or otherwise, by any assessee from any person- [ Inserted by Act 14 of 2001, Section 13 (w.e.f. 1.4.2002).]

(A)before his joining any employment with that person; or

(B)after cessation of his employment with that person. ]

B.-Interest on securities[Omitted by the Finance Act, 1988 (26 of 1988), section 10 (w.e.f. 1-4-1989)]

Sec 16 — Deductions from salaries

Sec 18 — to 21

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