Bare Acts

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

An Act to consolidate and amend the provisions relating to offences and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

भारतीय न्याय संहिता,2023

English PDF Hindi PDF

Act Details

Act Number:

Act Year:

2023

Location:

Enactment Date:

12/25/2023

Enforcement Date:

1-7-2024

Ministry:

Ministry of Home Affairs

Department:

Department of Internal Security

All Section List (BNS)

PRELIMINARY

Section 1 to Section 3

Section 1

Short title, commencement and application.

Section 2

Definitions.

Section 3

General explanations.

OF PUNISHMENTS

Section 4 to Section 13

Section 4

Punishments.

Section 5

Commutation of sentence.

Section 6

Fractions of terms of punishment.

Section 7

Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple.

Section 8

Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc.

Section 9

Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences.

Section 10

Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which.

Section 11

Solitary confinement.

Section 12

Limit of solitary confinement.

Section 13

Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction.

GENERAL EXCEPTIONS

Section 14 to Section 33

Section 14

Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law.

Section 15

Act of Judge when acting judicially.

Section 16

Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court.

Section 17

Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law.

Section 18

Accident in doing a lawful act.

Section 19

Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm.

Section 20

Act of a child under seven years of age.

Section 21

Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding.

Section 22

Act of a person of unsound mind.

Section 23

Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will.

Section 24

Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated.

Section 25

Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent.

Section 26

Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit.

Section 27

Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian.

Section 28

Consent known to be given under fear or misconception.

Section 29

Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused.

Section 30

Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent.

Section 31

Communication made in good faith.

Section 32

Act to which a person is compelled by threats.

Section 33

Act causing slight harm.

Of right of private defence

Section 34 to Section 44

Section 34

Things done in private defence.

Section 35

Right of private defence of body and of property.

Section 36

Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc.

Section 37

Acts against which there is no right of private defence.

Section 38

When right of private defence of body extends to causing death.

Section 39

When such right extends to causing any harm other than death.

Section 40

Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body.

Section 41

When right of private defence of property extends to causing death.

Section 42

When such right extends to causing any harm other than death.

Section 43

Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property.

Section 44

Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person.

of abetment

Section 45 to Section 60

Section 45

Abetment of a thing.

Section 46

Abettor.

Section 47

Abetment in India of offences outside India.

Section 48

Abetment outside India for offence in India.

Section 49

Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment.

Section 50

Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor.

Section 51

Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done.

Section 52

Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done.

Section 53

Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor.

Section 54

Abettor present when offence is committed.

Section 55

Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.

Section 56

Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment.

Section 57

Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons.

Section 58

Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.

Section 59

Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent.

Section 60

Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment.

Of criminal conspiracy

Section 61

Criminal conspiracy.

Of attempt

Section 62

Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment.

Of sexual offences

Section 63 to Section 73

Section 63

Rape.

Section 64

Punishment for rape.

Section 65

Punishment for rape in certain cases.

Section 66

Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim.

Section 67

Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation.

Section 68

Sexual intercourse by a person in authority.

Section 69

Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc.

Section 70

Gang rape.

Section 71

Punishment for repeat offenders.

Section 72

Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc.

Section 73

Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission.

Of criminal force and assault against woman

Section 74 to Section 79

Section 74

Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty.

Section 75

Sexual harassment.

Section 76

Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe.

Section 77

Voyeurism.

Section 78

Stalking.

Section 79

Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman.

Of offences relating to marriage

Section 80 to Section 87

Section 80

Dowry death.

Section 81

Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage.

Section 82

Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife.

Section 83

Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage.

Section 84

Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman.

Section 85

Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty.

Section 86

Cruelty defined.

Section 87

Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc.

Of causing miscarriage, etc

Section 88 to Section 92

Section 88

Causing miscarriage.

Section 89

Causing miscarriage without woman's consent.

Section 90

Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage.

Section 91

Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth.

Section 92

Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide.

Of offences against child

Section 93 to Section 99

Section 93

Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it.

Section 94

Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body.

Section 95

Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence.

Section 96

Procuration of child.

Section 97

Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person.

Section 98

Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc.

Section 99

Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc.

Of offences affecting life

Section 100 to Section 113

Section 100

Culpable homicide.

Section 101

Murder.

Section 102

Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended.

Section 103

Punishment for murder.

Section 104

Punishment for murder by life-convict.

Section 105

Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder.

Section 106

Causing death by negligence.

Section 107

Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind.

Section 108

Abetment of suicide.

Section 109

Attempt to murder.

Section 110

Attempt to commit culpable homicide.

Section 111

Organised crime.

Section 112

Petty organised crime.

Section 113

Terrorist act.

Of hurt

Section 114 to Section 125

Section 114

Hurt.

Section 115

Voluntarily causing hurt.

Section 116

Grievous hurt.

Section 117

Voluntarily causing grievous hurt.

Section 118

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means.

Section 119

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act.

Section 120

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property.

Section 121

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty.

Section 122

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation.

Section 123

Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence.

Section 124

Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc.

Section 125

Act endangering life or personal safety of others.

Of wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement

Section 126 to Section 127

Section 126

Wrongful restraint.

Section 127

Wrongful confinement.

Of criminal force and assault

Section 128 to Section 136

Section 128

Force.

Section 129

Criminal force.

Section 130

Assault.

Section 131

Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation.

Section 132

Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty.

Section 133

Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation.

Section 134

Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person.

Section 135

Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person.

Section 136

Assault or criminal force on grave provocation.

Of kidnapping, abduction, slavery and forced labour

Section 137 to Section 146

Section 137

Kidnapping.

Section 138

Abduction.

Section 139

Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging.

Section 140

Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc.

Section 141

Importation of girl or boy from foreign country.

Section 142

Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person.

Section 143

Trafficking of person.

Section 144

Exploitation of a trafficked person.

Section 145

Habitual dealing in slaves.

Section 146

Unlawful compulsory labour.

OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE

Section 147 to Section 158

Section 147

Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India.

Section 148

Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147.

Section 149

Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India.

Section 150

Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war.

Section 151

Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power.

Section 152

Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.

Section 153

Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India.

Section 154

Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India.

Section 155

Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154.

Section 156

Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape.

Section 157

Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape.

Section 158

Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner.

OF OFFENCES RELATING TO THE ARMY, NAVY AND AIR FORCE

Section 159 to Section 168

Section 159

Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty.

Section 160

Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof.

Section 161

Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office.

Section 162

Abetment of such assault, if assault committed.

Section 163

Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman.

Section 164

Harbouring deserter.

Section 165

Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master.

Section 166

Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman.

Section 167

Persons subject to certain Acts.

Section 168

Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman.

OF OFFENCES RELATING TO ELECTIONS

Section 169 to Section 177

Section 169

Candidate, electoral right defined.

Section 170

Bribery.

Section 171

Undue influence at elections.

Section 172

Personation at elections.

Section 173

Punishment for bribery.

Section 174

Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election.

Section 175

False statement in connection with an election.

Section 176

Illegal payments in connection with an election.

Section 177

Failure to keep election accounts.

OF OFFENCES RELATING TO COIN, CURRENCY-NOTES, BANK-NOTES, AND GOVERNMENT STAMPS

Section 178 to Section 188

Section 178

Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes.

Section 179

Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes.

Section 180

Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes.

Section 181

Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes.

Section 182

Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes.

Section 183

Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government.

Section 184

Using Government stamp known to have been before used.

Section 185

Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used.

Section 186

Prohibition of fictitious stamps.

Section 187

Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law.

Section 188

Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint.

OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE PUBLIC TRANQUILLITY

Section 189 to Section 197

Section 189

Unlawful assembly.

Section 190

Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object.

Section 191

Rioting.

Section 192

Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed.

Section 193

Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place.

Section 194

Affray.

Section 195

Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc.

Section 196

Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony.

Section 197

Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration.

OF OFFENCES BY OR RELATING TO PUBLIC SERVANTS

Section 198 to Section 205

Section 198

Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person.

Section 199

Public servant disobeying direction under law.

Section 200

Punishment for non-treatment of victim.

Section 201

Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury.

Section 202

Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade.

Section 203

Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property.

Section 204

Personating a public servant.

Section 205

Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent.

OF CONTEMPTS OF THE LAWFUL AUTHORITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS

Section 206 to Section 226

Section 206

Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding.

Section 207

Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof.

Section 208

Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant.

Section 209

Non-appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023.

Section 210

Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it

Section 211

Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it.

Section 212

Furnishing false information.

Section 213

Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it.

Section 214

Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question.

Section 215

Refusing to sign statement.

Section 216

False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation.

Section 217

False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person.

Section 218

Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant.

Section 219

Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant.

Section 220

Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant.

Section 221

Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions.

Section 222

Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance.

Section 223

Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant.

Section 224

Threat of injury to public servant.

Section 225

Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant.

Section 226

Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power.

OF FALSE EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE

Section 227 to Section 269

Section 227

Giving false evidence.

Section 228

Fabricating false evidence.

Section 229

Punishment for false evidence.

Section 230

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence.

Section 231

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment.

Section 232

Threatening any person to give false evidence.

Section 233

Using evidence known to be false.

Section 234

Issuing or signing false certificate.

Section 235

Using as true a certificate known to be false.

Section 236

False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence.

Section 237

Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false.

Section 238

Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender.

Section 239

Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform.

Section 240

Giving false information respecting an offence committed.

Section 241

Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence.

Section 242

False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution.

Section 243

Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution.

Section 244

Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution.

Section 245

Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due.

Section 246

Dishonestly making false claim in Court.

Section 247

Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due.

Section 248

False charge of offence made with intent to injure.

Section 249

Harbouring offender.

Section 250

Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment.

Section 251

Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender.

Section 252

Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc.

Section 253

Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered.

Section 254

Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits.

Section 255

Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture.

Section 256

Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture.

Section 257

Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law.

Section 258

Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law

Section 259

Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend.

Section 260

Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed.

Section 261

Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant.

Section 262

Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension.

Section 263

Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person.

Section 264

Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for

Section 265

Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for.

Section 266

Violation of condition of remission of punishment.

Section 267

Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding.

Section 268

Personation of assessor.

Section 269

Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court.

OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY, CONVENIENCE, DECENCY AND MORALS

Section 270 to Section 297

Section 270

Public nuisance.

Section 271

Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life.

Section 272

Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life.

Section 273

Disobedience to quarantine rule.

Section 274

Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale.

Section 275

Sale of noxious food or drink.

Section 276

Adulteration of drugs.

Section 277

Sale of adulterated drugs.

Section 278

Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation.

Section 279

Fouling water of public spring or reservoir.

Section 280

Making atmosphere noxious to health.

Section 281

Rash driving or riding on a public way.

Section 282

Rash navigation of vessel.

Section 283

Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy.

Section 284

Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel.

Section 285

Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation.

Section 286

Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance.

Section 287

Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter.

Section 288

Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance.

Section 289

Negligent conduct with respect to machinery.

Section 290

Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc.

Section 291

Negligent conduct with respect to animal.

Section 292

Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for.

Section 293

Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue.

Section 294

Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc.

Section 295

Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child.

Section 296

Obscene acts and songs.

Section 297

Keeping lottery office.

OF OFFENCES RELATING TO RELIGION

Section 298 to Section 302

Section 298

Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class.

Section 299

Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs.

Section 300

Disturbing religious assembly.

Section 301

Trespassing on burial places, etc.

Section 302

Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person.

Of thef

Section 303 to Section 307

Section 303

Theft.

Section 304

Snatching.

Section 305

Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc.

Section 306

Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master.

Section 307

Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft.

Of extortion

Section 308

Extortion.

Of robbery and dacoity

Section 309 to Section 313

Section 309

Robbery.

Section 310

Dacoity.

Section 311

Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt.

Section 312

Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon.

Section 313

Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc.

Of criminal misappropriation of property

Section 314 to Section 315

Section 314

Dishonest misappropriation of property.

Section 315

Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death.

Of criminal breach of trust

Section 316

Criminal breach of trust.

Of receiving stolen property

Section 317

Stolen property.

Of cheating

Section 318 to Section 319

Section 318

Cheating.

Section 319

Cheating by personation.

Of fraudulent deeds and dispositions of property

Section 320 to Section 323

Section 320

Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors.

Section 321

Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors.

Section 322

Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration.

Section 323

Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property.

Of mischief

Section 324 to Section 328

Section 324

Mischief.

Section 325

Mischief by killing or maiming animal.

Section 326

Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc.

Section 327

Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden.

Section 328

Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc.

Of criminal trespass

Section 329 to Section 334

Section 329

Criminal trespass and house-trespass.

Section 330

House-trespass and hous-ebreaking.

Section 331

Punishment for house-trespass or house-breaking.

Section 332

House-trespass in order to commit offence.

Section 333

House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint.

Section 334

Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property.

OF OFFENCES RELATING TO DOCUMENTS AND TO PROPERTY MARKS

Section 335 to Section 344

Section 335

Making a false document.

Section 336

Forgery.

Section 337

Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc.

Section 338

Forgery of valuable security, will, etc.

Section 339

Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine.

Section 340

Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine.

Section 341

Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338.

Section 342

Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material.

Section 343

Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security.

Section 344

Falsification of accounts.

Of property marks

Section 345 to Section 350

Section 345

Property mark.

Section 346

Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury.

Section 347

Counterfeiting a property mark.

Section 348

Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark.

Section 349

Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark.

Section 350

Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods.

OF CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION, INSULT, ANNOYANCE, DEFAMATION, ETC.

Section 351 to Section 355

Section 351

Criminal intimidation.

Section 352

Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace.

Section 353

Statements conducing to public mischief.

Section 354

Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure.

Section 355

Misconduct in public by a drunken person.

Of defamation

Section 356

Defamation.

Of breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person

Section 357

Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person.

REPEAL AND SAVINGS

Section 358

Repeal and savings.